A Sport with Untapped Potential to Empower Women

This paper argues that the sport of ski jumping possesses the untapped potential to empower women. It also recommends ways in which this potential should be realised. The untapped potential of ski jumping lies in the notion that, under two independent conditions, women are able to jump as far as men. The first condition is that women start from a higher gate than men. The second is that women and men start from the same gate, but compete on a ski flying hill. In order to realise the untapped potential, it is recommendable to take two steps to transform the practice of ski jumping. The first step is to introduce a mixed-pair competition for the 2014&ndash;2015 season. The second step is to introduce a sex-integrated individual competition for the 2016&ndash;2017 season. The sex-integrated competition can be either compensated or non-compensated.</p

Sustainability Communication in Marine Industry : A content analysis of trade fair materials

The purpose of this thesis was to understand the communication of sustainability in marine trade fair materials. The purpose was divided into four research questions: what types of sustainability are present in the trade fair materials, how do firms communicate the corporate brand and the firms' offerings, who are the target groups/stakeholders of sustainability communication and how do the materials communicate the value of sustainability. The context of the thesis, marine industry and trade fairs, was reviewed and the key aspects of marketing communication were determined by processing the body of applicable theories of B2B brands, value and sustainability. The scope of the research's context of marine industry and trade fair materials offered the theoretical and practical gap for conducting this research. Together these parts of the extant theoretical literature provided us with the means to research the physical trade fair materials in a holistic way. The empirical part of this study was conducted by a qualitative content analysis. The theoretical framework, a construct that was crafted from the theoretical body of this research, acted as the primary tool for processing the research materials in the empirical analysis. The key points of theoretical framework were coded into the coding sheet and content analysis was carried out. The results were gathered mainly by reviewing the initial results of content analysis as well as by cross-referencing the materials' qualitative categories and introducing simple logic to the research. The results yielded many interesting elements of sustainability communication in marine industry in each main category of content analysis, which was reported in the results chapter and later discussed in the discussions chapter of the thesis. Sense of sustainability communication in marine industry was made by projecting the research questions with applicable parts of the content analysis. Lastly the conclusions of the research were drawn and reported in managerial and theoretical scope, after which the thesis' limitations and future research prospects were presented. Sustainability communication was identified on every conceivable level of examination within the trade fair materials with varying relevancy depending often on the context of the firm that provided the material. Economic sustainability was the most prevalent, followed by environmental and lastly social sustainability. Furthermore the theoretical level of marketing communication as well as the targeted stakeholder groups seemed to be reliant on the examined firm's contextual factors. The way value propositions were presented in the materials was also examined and it was concluded that soft value propositions are usually a better fit for sustainability communication than hard value propositions

Poem Machine - a Co-creative NLG Web Application for Poem Writing

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UralicNLP: An NLP Library for Uralic Languages

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The Concept of Betterness and Sport Competitions

It is common that people disagree on a question which athlete or team was the best in a particular sport competition. This thesis attempts to clarify these disputes by analysing the concept of betterness in the context of sport competitions. Betterness can be interpersonal, intrapersonal or a combination of the two. I focus on interpersonal betterness, that is, on superiority. For example, interpersonal betterness may be contested in a football match between the national teams of Germany and Argentina. My aim is to provide a philosophical account of interpersonal betterness. The account has two functions: descriptive and normative. It describes the shapes and forms in which superiority is instantiated in sport competitions. It also provides a consistent and accurate way to discuss superiority. The thesis consists of two parts. In the first part, I introduce, elaborate and illustrate my account, which in turn consists of three elements: (1) relations of superiority, (2) standards for the relations of superiority and (3) types of competition. I also discuss my account’s relevance to issues of sport ethics through the example of gender equity and women’s ski jumping. I conclude that this account will not end the disputes over which team or athlete was better in a particular competition. Instead, it provides tools for a more consistent discussion of the disputed issues. The second part of the thesis includes five reprinted original articles. The account presented in the first part is based on these publications.Ihmiset kiistelevät usein siitä, kuka oli kilpailun paras urheilija tai joukkue. Väitöskirjassani yritän selittää, mistä nämä erimielisyydet johtuvat tarkastelemalla paremmuuden käsitettä ja urheilukilpailuja. Paremmuus voidaan jakaa kilpailun eri osapuolten väliseen paremmuuteen, yhtä kilpailun osapuolta koskevaan paremmuuteen tai edellisten yhdistelmään. Keskityn työssäni kilpailun osapuolten väliseen paremmuuteen. Se saattaa toteutua esimerkiksi jalkapallo-ottelussa Saksan ja Argentiinan välillä. Tavoitteenani on esitellä filosofinen malli kilpailun osapuolten välisestä paremmuudesta. Mallin on tarkoitus olla sekä kuvaavaa että ohjeellinen. Se kuvaa, millaisia muotoja kilpailun osapuolten välinen paremmuus saa urheilukilpailussa. Lisäksi se tarjoaa johdonmukaisen ja tarkan tavan puhua kilpailun osapuolten välisestä paremmuudesta. Väitöskirjani muodostuu kahdesta osiosta. Ensimmäisessä osiossa esittelen mallini ja havainnollistan sitä esimerkkien avulla. Mallissa on kolme osaa: (1) paremmuussuhteet, (2) mittapuut paremmuussuhteille ja (3) kilpailujen jaottelut. Tarkastelen lisäksi työssäni, voidaanko mallia hyödyntää urheilun eettisten ongelmien käsittelemisessä. Esimerkkitapauksena on tasa-arvo ja naisten mäkihyppy. Totean johtopäätöksenä, että mallini ei pane pistettä keskusteluille siitä, mikä joukkue tai urheilija oli paras tietyssä kilpailussa. Sen sijaan se tarjoaa johdonmukaisen tavan käsitellä näitä kysymyksiä. Väitöskirjan toisen osion muodostavat viisi alkuperäisartikkelia. Ensimmäisen osion malli perustuu näihin julkaisuihin.Siirretty Doriast

Sources of job and worker flows: Evidence from a panel of regions

The aim of this study is to explore the structure and the dynamics of regional labour markets in terms of gross job and worker flows. The regional turnover rates are related to macroeconomic factors, industry-structure and demographic factors by employing the data of 85 Finnish regions over the period of 1988-1997. The results imply that different factors can have similar effects on net changes in employment and unemployment by various means of affecting gross changes.job flows; worker flows; dynamic panel data estimation

Synchronized Mediawiki based analyzer dictionary development

Open-source analyzer dictionary development is being implemented for Skolt Sami, Ingrian, Moksha-Mordvin, etc. in the Helsinki CSC infrastructure; home of the Finnish Kielipankki ’Language Bank’ and Termipankki ’Term Bank’. The proximity of minority-language corpora in need of annotation and the multiple usage of controlled wikimedia-type dictionaries make CSC an attractive site for synchronized transducer dictionary development. The open-source FST develop- ment of Uralic and other minority languages at Giellatekno-Divvun in Tromsø demonstrates a vast potential for reusage of FST-s, only augmented by open- source work in OmorFi, Apertium and Universal Dependency . The initial idea is to allow synchronized editing of Giellatekno xml and CSC wiki structures via github. In addition to allowing for simple lexc LEMMA:STEM CONTINUATION_LEXICON ”TRANS- LATION” ; line exports, the parallel dictionaries will provide for documentation of derivation, morpho-syntactic information on valency and government, seman- tics and etymology.Peer reviewe